Not the Sum of the WordsDay 11 / 7

Phrases that are not the sum of their words

Why half of Korean idioms are about the body, and what each body part tends to mean

Read a body-part idiom by the direction its body part usually points.

16min 7 questions · 80% to pass

0% read Explained in English

You know and you know 넓다. You still cannot read 발이 넓다, because it does not mean wide feet. It means someone knows a lot of people.

That is what an idiom is: a phrase whose meaning is not the sum of its words. Every language has them, and every learner meets the same wall — the vocabulary is familiar and the sentence makes no sense.

1 · The body does half the work

A large share of Korean idioms are built on a body part plus an ordinary verb or adjective. That sounds like more to memorise. It is actually less, because each body part tends to point in one direction.

Body partTends to meanExample
speech, keeping or spilling words입이 무겁다
hearing, and being easy to persuade귀가 얇다
judgement, standards, attention눈이 높다
work, effort, and generosity손이 크다
going places, and connections발이 넓다
머리thinking머리를 맞대다
· feelings, and nerve배가 아프다 · 간이 크다
Where each body part usually points

2 · The adjective often means what you would guess

IdiomMeaning
입이 무겁다can keep a secret
입이 가볍다cannot keep a secret
발이 넓다knows a lot of people
눈이 높다has high standards
손이 크다is generous; makes things in large amounts
귀가 얇다is easily persuaded
Heavy and light, wide and high

3 · Idioms do not change their words

You can conjugate the verb — 발이 넓어요, 발이 넓은 사람 — but you cannot swap the nouns. 발이 크다 is not a variant of 발이 넓다; it just means has big feet.

This is the practical test for whether something is an idiom: if replacing a word with a synonym destroys the meaning, it is.

그 사람은 발이 넓어서 모르는 사람이 없어요
geu sarameun bari neolbeoseo moreuneun sarami eopseoyoThat person knows everyone — there is nobody they do not know
민수 씨는 입이 무거우니까 말해도 괜찮아요
minsu ssineun ibi mugeounikka malhaedo gwaenchanayoMinsu can keep a secret, so it is fine to tell him

Day 1 words

관용 표현
gwanyong pyohyeonan idiom, a set expression
noun
속담
sokdama proverb
noun
발이 넓다
bari neoldato know many people
idiom
입이 무겁다
ibi mugeopdato be able to keep a secret
idiom
눈이 높다
nuni nopdato have high standards
idiom
귀가 얇다
gwiga yaldato be easily persuaded
idiom

What does 입이 가볍다 mean?

Which body part usually points to connections and going places?

Before the quiz

  • I know an idiom is not the sum of its words.
  • I can name the direction for , , , and .
  • I know the direction narrows the meaning rather than fixing it.
  • I know the nouns in an idiom cannot be swapped.